Optimization of Alpha-Amylase Production by a Local Bacillus paramycoides Isolate and Immobilization on Chitosan-Loaded Barium Ferrite Nanoparticles

We set out to isolate alpha-amylase producers from soil samples, optimize the production, and immobilize enzyme on chitosan-loaded barium ferrite nanoparticles (CLBFNPs). Alpha-amylase were isolated starch agar plates confirmed by dinitrosalicylic acid assay. The potent was identified phenotypic methods, 16S-rRNA sequencing, phylogenetic mapping. Sequential optimization of ?-amylase production involved use Plackett–Burman (P–BD) central composite designs (CCD), in addition exposing culture different doses gamma irradiation. immobilized CLBFNPs, nanocomposite characterized X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, with energy-dispersive analysis analysis. Forty-five 100 samples. highest activity (177.12 ± 6.12 U/mg) detected MS009 isolate, which as Bacillus paramycoides. increased 222.3 5.07 U/mg when using optimal conditions P–BD CCD, 319.45 4.91 after 6 kGy. Immobilization CLBFNPs resulted higher (246.85 6.76 compared free (222.254 4.89 U/mg), retaining for up five cycles usage. Gamma irradiation improved while immobilization enhanced activity, facilitated recovery, enabled its repetitive use.